題目

Willy Dewitt-Ornott works in Sales. There is always a sales competition at the year end and the winner is likely to be made

team leader. Willy's quite certain that he will be able to win and that he will have more responsibility, which he would like. Bu

t he would also have to work much longer hours, and he is quite reluctant to do this for family reasons.If an expectancy

equation were used to assess Willy's motivation to work hard at the end of the year, based on the information given, which of

the following results would you expect to see?

A

Valence?would?be?high, expectancy high,?motivation high

B

Valence would be high, expectancy low, motivation low

C

Valence?would?be?around 0, expectancy?high, motivation?low

D

Valence would be around 0, expectancy high, motivation high

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Chapter15Motivatingindividualsandgroups

Rationale: Willy's expectancy (expectation that by working hard he will be given the teamleadership) is high, but valence

(importance to Willy of becoming a team leader) is neutral, because he has both positive and negative feelings about it.

Since Motivation = E x V, if V is 0, motivation is also 0.Pitfalls: Make sure you get valence and expectancy the right way

round, and that you recognise why Willy's valence is 0.Ways in: Work through the equation, calculating your own values for

V and E …

多做幾道

Monetary policy is a government economic policy relating to:

1 Interest rates

2 Taxation

3 Public borrowing and spending

4?Exchange rates

Which of the above are correct?

A

1 and 4

B

?2 and 3

C

2 and 4

D

3 and 4

Which of the following organisations might benefit from a period of high price inflation?

A

An organisation which has a large number of long-term payables

B

An exporter of goods to a country with relatively low inflation

C

A large retailer with a high level of inventory on display and low rate of inventory turnover

Which of the following are the goals of macroeconomic policy?

1 Encouraging economic growth

2 Low unemployment

3 Achievement of a balance between exports and imports

4 Achieving zero inflation

A

1 and 2

B

2 and 3?

C

2, 3 and 4

D

1, 2 and 3

Which of the following is an example of cyclical unemployment?

A

The entry of school leavers into the labour pool each year

B

Lay-offs among agricultural labourers in winter

C

Automation of ticketing services in tourism

D

Recession in the building industry

A surplus on the balance of payments usually refers to a surplus or deficit on the account.Which word correctly complete this?statement?

A

Current

B

Capital

C

Financial

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