題目

?Comment on the positions shown by the charts and your calculations and discuss what other?factors management should consider before making a decision.?

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考點：Chapter3Costvolumeprofit(CVP)analysis

The first chart shows a breakeven point of 15.55 million cans ($5.13m sales value) and a margin of?safety of 3.45 million cans ($1.14m sales value). Forecast profit for sales of 19 million cans is?$620,000.?

The second chart shows a breakeven point of 15.24 million cans ($5.64m sales value) and a?margin of safety of 3.76 million cans ($1.39m sales value). Forecast profit for sales of 19 million?cans is $790,000.?

Option 2 therefore results in a higher profit figure, as well as a lower breakeven point and increased?margin of safety. On this basis it is the better of the two options.?

Other factors which management should consider before making a decision??

(i) The supermarket chains may put the same pressure on margins and prices of the BD brand?as they do on the own label brands.?

(ii) Customers may realise that the BD brand is the same product as the own label brand and?may not be willing to pay the premium price.?

(iii) If the mix of sales can be changed in favour of the BD brand then profits will improve still?further.?

多做幾道

?Actual overheads cost $180,000 and 40,000 machine hours were worked.?

Actual overheads cost $170,000 and 40,000 machine hours were worked.?

材料全屏

A company makes and sells a single product. At the beginning of Period 1, there are no opening?inventories of the product, for which the variable production cost is $4 and the sales price $6 per unit.?

There are no variable selling costs. Fixed costs are $2,000 per period, of which $1,500 are fixed?production costs. Normal output is 1,500 units per period. In Period 1, sales were 1,200 units, production?was 1,500 units. In Period 2, sales were 1,700 units, production was 1,400 units.?

Required?

Prepare profit statements for each period and for the two periods in total using both absorption costing?and marginal costing.?

5

【論述題】

Prepare profit statements for each period and for the two periods in total using both absorption costing?and marginal costing.?

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RH makes and sells one product, which has the following standard production cost.??

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?$?

Direct labour? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 3 hours at $6 per hour? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 18?

Direct materials? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?4 kilograms at $7 per kg? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 28?

Variable production overhead? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?3?

Fixed production overhead? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 20?

Standard production cost per unit? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 69?


Normal output is 16,000 units per annum. Variable selling, distribution and administration costs are 20%?of sales value. Fixed selling, distribution and administration costs are $180,000 per annum. There are no?units in finished goods inventory at 1 October 20X2. The fixed overhead expenditure is spread evenly?throughout the year. The selling price per unit is $140. Production and sales budgets are as follows.??

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Six months ending? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?Six months ending??

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?31 March 20X3? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 30 September 20X3

Production? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?8,500? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?7,000?

Sales? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 7,000? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? 8,000?

6

【論述題】

Prepare profit statements for each of the six-monthly periods, using the following methods of costing.?

Marginal costing?

Prepare profit statements for each of the six-monthly periods, using the following methods of costing.?

Absorption costing?

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