魏晉南北朝時(shí)期，記載民間文學(xué)材料較為豐富的有（）
中國(guó)四大傳說是（ ）
根據(jù)聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織《保護(hù)非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)公約》，非物質(zhì)文化遺產(chǎn)包括哪些方面（ ）
學(xué)習(xí)民間文學(xué)的目的有哪些（ ）
民間文學(xué)田野作業(yè)的形式按其調(diào)查的內(nèi)容大致可分為（）
比較研究對(duì)民間文學(xué)的意義和作用體現(xiàn)在（ ）
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二、兩漢時(shí)期的民間文學(xué)
魏晉南北朝時(shí)期，容納民間文學(xué)材料較為豐富的有：①干寶的《搜神記》、②王嘉的《拾遺記》、③托名晉代陶潛的《搜神后記》、④任昉的《述異記》以及⑤張華的《博物志》、⑥托名曹丕的《列異傳》、⑦劉敬叔的《異苑》、⑧吳均的《續(xù)齊諧記》等等。
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- 材料全屏? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Rare Fossil Record? ? ?The preservation of embryos and juveniles is a rare occurrence in the fossil record. The tiny delicate skeletons are usually scattered by scavengers(食腐動(dòng)物)weathering before they can be fossilized Ichthyosaurs(魚龍) had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures be-cause, as marine animals, they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion. Still, their fossilization required a suite of factors: a slow rate of decay of soft tissues, little scavenging by other animals, a lack of swift currents and waves to jumble and carry away small bones, and fairly rapid burial. Given these factors, some areas have become a treasury of well-preserved ichthyosaur fossils.? ? The deposits at Holzmaden, Germany, present an interesting case for analysis. The ichthyosaur remains are found in black, bituminous marine shales(頁巖)deposited about 190 million years ago. Over the years, thousands of specimens of marine reptiles, fish and invertebrates have been recovered from these rocks. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos.? ? Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzmaden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time. The embryos are quite advanced in their physical development; their paddles, for example, are already well formed. One specimen is even preserved in the birth canal. In addition, the shale contains the remains of many newborns that are between 20 and 30 inches long.? ? ?Why are there so many pregnant females and young at Holzmaden when they are so rare else-where? The quality of preservation is almost unmatched and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.11【單選】All of the following are mentioned as factors that encourage fossilization except the?_____Aspeed of buryingBconditions of the waterCrate at which soft tissues decayDcause of death of the animal
- Which of the following is true of the fossil deposits discussed in the passage?_____AThey include examples of newly discovered species.BThey contain large numbers of well-preserved specimens.CThey are older than fossils found in other places.DThey have been analyzed more carefully than other fossils.
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