簡述《創(chuàng)業(yè)史》的藝術(shù)成就。
簡析“十七年”小說創(chuàng)作的缺失。
簡析茹志鵑《百合花》的藝術(shù)特點。
簡述《創(chuàng)業(yè)史》的藝術(shù)成就。
簡述劉白羽散文的時代氣息和藝術(shù)特色。
簡述《邊城》獨特的敘述方式。
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二、幾部重要的長篇小說
（1）《創(chuàng)業(yè)史》描寫了農(nóng)業(yè)合作化前后農(nóng)村錯綜復(fù)雜的社會關(guān)系與尖銳激烈的矛盾斗爭，反映了農(nóng)村社會主義改造的過程。
（2）將宏大的結(jié)構(gòu)與精細的描寫、深刻的心理刻畫與哲理性的議論相結(jié)合，是《創(chuàng)業(yè)史》顯著的藝術(shù)特色之一。
（3）具體展開生活畫面，刻畫梁生寶、梁三老漢等人物形象時，又能夠做到精細入微。尤其是對人物心理流程的狀寫，常常淋漓盡致，人木三分。在進行歷史概括和精細描寫時，作者又善于將自己的情感，對事物的評價，對生活的認識以及對人物的剖析，化為哲理性的議論，或者融化于情節(jié)之中，或者直接站出來面對作品中的人物和讀者抒情議理，表明作家鮮明的傾向性。
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- 材料全屏? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Rare Fossil Record? ? ?The preservation of embryos and juveniles is a rare occurrence in the fossil record. The tiny delicate skeletons are usually scattered by scavengers(食腐動物)weathering before they can be fossilized Ichthyosaurs(魚龍) had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures be-cause, as marine animals, they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion. Still, their fossilization required a suite of factors: a slow rate of decay of soft tissues, little scavenging by other animals, a lack of swift currents and waves to jumble and carry away small bones, and fairly rapid burial. Given these factors, some areas have become a treasury of well-preserved ichthyosaur fossils.? ? The deposits at Holzmaden, Germany, present an interesting case for analysis. The ichthyosaur remains are found in black, bituminous marine shales(頁巖)deposited about 190 million years ago. Over the years, thousands of specimens of marine reptiles, fish and invertebrates have been recovered from these rocks. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos.? ? Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzmaden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time. The embryos are quite advanced in their physical development; their paddles, for example, are already well formed. One specimen is even preserved in the birth canal. In addition, the shale contains the remains of many newborns that are between 20 and 30 inches long.? ? ?Why are there so many pregnant females and young at Holzmaden when they are so rare else-where? The quality of preservation is almost unmatched and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.11【單選】All of the following are mentioned as factors that encourage fossilization except the?_____Aspeed of buryingBconditions of the waterCrate at which soft tissues decayDcause of death of the animal
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