論述嚴(yán)羽的“妙悟說”。
論述王國維關(guān)于造境、寫境的觀點(diǎn)。
論述《儒林外史序》對(duì)小說主題與藝術(shù)的分析。
論述王驥德《曲律》的戲劇理論主張。
論述張炎《詞源》的評(píng)詞標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。
論述嚴(yán)羽的“妙悟說”。
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嚴(yán)羽詩論選錄
嚴(yán)羽以禪喻詩，故重在妙悟；“悟”有兩層意義：一指第一義之悟，以漢、魏、晉、盛唐為師，而反對(duì)蘇、黃詩風(fēng)；一指透徹之悟，重在瑩徹玲瓏不可湊泊，于是除反對(duì)蘇、黃詩風(fēng)外再批判永嘉四靈的學(xué)唐風(fēng)氣；第一義之悟成為明代前后七子擬古主張之先聲，透徹之悟又成為清代王士禛神韻說之所祖。
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- 材料全屏? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? Rare Fossil Record? ? ?The preservation of embryos and juveniles is a rare occurrence in the fossil record. The tiny delicate skeletons are usually scattered by scavengers(食腐動(dòng)物)weathering before they can be fossilized Ichthyosaurs(魚龍) had a higher chance of being preserved than did terrestrial creatures be-cause, as marine animals, they tended to live in environments less subject to erosion. Still, their fossilization required a suite of factors: a slow rate of decay of soft tissues, little scavenging by other animals, a lack of swift currents and waves to jumble and carry away small bones, and fairly rapid burial. Given these factors, some areas have become a treasury of well-preserved ichthyosaur fossils.? ? The deposits at Holzmaden, Germany, present an interesting case for analysis. The ichthyosaur remains are found in black, bituminous marine shales(頁巖)deposited about 190 million years ago. Over the years, thousands of specimens of marine reptiles, fish and invertebrates have been recovered from these rocks. The quality of preservation is outstanding, but what is even more impressive is the number of ichthyosaur fossils containing preserved embryos.? ? Ichthyosaurs with embryos have been reported from 6 different levels of the shale in a small area around Holzmaden, suggesting that a specific site was used by large numbers of ichthyosaurs repeatedly over time. The embryos are quite advanced in their physical development; their paddles, for example, are already well formed. One specimen is even preserved in the birth canal. In addition, the shale contains the remains of many newborns that are between 20 and 30 inches long.? ? ?Why are there so many pregnant females and young at Holzmaden when they are so rare else-where? The quality of preservation is almost unmatched and quarry operations have been carried out carefully with an awareness of the value of the fossils. But these factors do not account for the interesting question of how there came to be such a concentration of pregnant ichthyosaurs in a particular place very close to their time of giving birth.11【單選】All of the following are mentioned as factors that encourage fossilization except the?_____Aspeed of buryingBconditions of the waterCrate at which soft tissues decayDcause of death of the animal
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